Cellulose ether

Cellulose ethers are a group of chemically modified cellulose derivatives, where the hydroxyl groups (-OH) of the cellulose molecules are replaced with ether groups (-OR). These modifications enhance the properties of cellulose, making it more useful in various industries.

Cellulose Ether have proven to be highly useful natural-based polymers, finding application in areas including food, personal care products, oil field chemicals, construction, paper, adhesives, and textiles.;

They have particular value in pharmaceutical applications due to characteristics including high glass transition temperatures, high chemical and photochemical stability, solubility, limited crystallinity, hydrogen bonding capability, and low toxicity.;

With regard to toxicity, cellulose ethers have essentially no ability to permeate through gastrointestinal enterocytes and many are already in formulations approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Cellulose ethers are water-soluble polymers produced by the chemical modification of cellulose.;

The major commercial cellulose ethers include carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), methylcellulose (MC) and derivatives such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and derivatives such as ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose (EHEC) and methyl ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose (MEHEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), and ethylcellulose (EC).

Cellulose ethers function as stabilizers, thickeners, and viscosity modifiers in many industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, oil field chemicals, construction, paper, adhesives, and textiles.;

In select applications, they compete with each other and with synthetic water-soluble polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane associative thickeners, polyacrylates) and natural water-soluble polymers (xanthan gum, carrageenan, locust bean gum).;

The choice of polymer is determined by price/performance trade-offs, availability, and ease of product reformulation based on price/performance considerations.

Cellulose ether is the powdered cellulose ether generated with wood fiber or refined short cotton fiber as the main raw materials, after chemical treatment and by the reaction of etherifying agents such as chlorinated ethylene, chlorinated propylene and oxidized ethylene.

The production process of cellulose ether is complex.;

Cellulose ether starts with the extraction of cellulose from cotton or wood, which then transforms into alkaline cellulose after adding sodium hydroxide and by chemical reaction (alkaline solution).;

Under the action of etherifying agents (etherification reaction), cellulose ethers are generated from alkaline cellulose through such processes as washing with water, drying and grinding.

Cellulose ethers are a very important performance additive for modern cement and gypsum-based construction consumables.;

Cellulose ether improves formatting, improves machinability, increases throughput, coverage and reduces waste.

Cellulose ether provides many benefits simultaneously; It depends on functions such as water retention, lubrication, increase of crack-crack resistance, anti-slip, increase adhesiveness and extend open time.;

Cellulose ether works with a pioneering point of view, strict control quality, management and first class customer service in R&D.

Cellulose ethers are high-purity, water-soluble, non-ionic polymers designed for use as water retention aids, thickening and film-forming agents, protective colloids, suspending and emulsifying agents, binders and stabilizers.

Derived from cellulose, a natural, abundant and renewable resource, Cellulose ethers have been used for over 50 years to enhance product performance in personal care, pharmaceutical and food applications.

 

Applications of Cellulose ether

Hair care;

-shampoos, including sulfate free and low surfactant style formulations

-clear and emulsion type conditioners

-styling gels

Pharmaceuticals

-Cellulose ether grades of the leading hydrophilic matrix former enable the formulation of robust oral solid controlled-release dosage forms.;

-Available in a range of grades to meet the needs of today’s challenging formulations, Cellulose ether is your solution for controlled-release.

skin care

-facial cleansers

-liquid hand soaps

-hand sanitizers

-bar soaps

-bath additives

-shaving creams and gels

 

APPLICATIONS of Cellulose Ether

-Cellulose Ether (medium fibers) is used in metabolic pathway and carbohydrate applications.;

-Cellulose Ether has been used to study biofuel and biorefinery applications.

-Cellulose Ether has been used for biomass analysis in pyrolysis process

-Cellulose Ether has been used in column chromatography to purify organisms from uninfected erythrocytes and white cells

-Cellulose Ether has been used as a standard in fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to study conformational characteristics of bacterial cellulose (BC) obtained from Hestrin-Schramm (HS) medium

-Cellulose Ether has been used as a control in diet-related animal studies to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic activity of botryosphaeran

-High purity Cellulose Ether powders for partition chromatography.

 

Cellulose Ether for industrial use is mainly obtained from wood pulp and from cotton.

-Paper products: Cellulose Ether is the major constituent of paper, paperboard, and card stock.;

-Electrical insulation paper: Cellulose Ether is used in diverse forms as insulation in transformers, cables, and other electrical equipment.

-Fibers: Cellulose Ether is the main ingredient of textiles.;

Cellulose Ether provides sufficient strength for use as a building material.

Cellulose Ether insulation made from recycled paper is becoming popular as an environmentally preferable material for building insulation.;

Cellulose Ether can be treated with boric acid as a fire retardant.

Cellulose Ether is the main ingredient in paper, paperboard, wood products and cotton based textiles.

A number of commercial products have been developed and are manufactured from Cellulose Ether.;

In addition to paper-, textile- and wood products, which are made of naturally occurring Cellulose Ether, several chemically modified cellulose products have been developed over the years.;

The first product made from modified Cellulose Ether was nitrocellulose that was introduced in the beginning of the 20th century.;

Cellulose Ether was primarily used for the manufacture of smoke less gun powder and photographic films.;

Other man-made products derived from Cellulose Ether derivatives are e.g. cellophane, viscose fibers, and thickeners for food products, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

 

Cellulose Ether can be modified by esterification to give rise to different cellulose derivatives with various properties.;

Cellulose Ether is used in making cellulose films.;

Cellulose Ether has been used to make paper since the Chinese first invented the process around A.D. 100.;

Cellulose Ether is separated from wood by a pulping process that grinds woodchips under flowing water.;

The pulp that remains is then washed, bleached, and poured over a vibrating mesh.;

When the water finally drains from the pulp, what remains is an interlocking web of fibers that, when dried, pressed, and smoothed, becomes a sheet of paper.

Cellulose Ether is used mainly in paperboard and paper production.;

Smaller amounts are converted into a wide variety of derivatives, such as cellophane and rayon.;

The conversion of Cellulose Ether from energy crops into biofuels such as cellulosic ethanol as a renewable fuel source is under progress.

Cellulose Ether is used in the diet as a fibre supplement.

Cellulose Ether is used to produce paperboard and paper products.

Cellulose Ether helps as an additive in various food items.

Cellulose Ether is used in the production of rayon.

Cellulose Ether is used as a preservative in cheese as it plays the role of an anti-clumping agent.

Cellulose Ether is used in making explosives.

Cellulose Ether is used in the manufacturing of nitrocellulose.

Cellulose Ether is mainly useful in paperboard and paper production.;

Cellulose Ether is useful as a stationary phase in chromatography.

Cellulose Ether is the major constituent of paper; further processing can be performed to make cellophane and rayon, and more recently Modal, a textile derived from beechwood cellulose.;

Cellulose Ether is The biopolymer composing the cell wall of vegetable tissues.;

Cellulose Ether is Prepared by treating cotton with an organic solvent to de-wax it and removing pectic acids by extration with a solution of sodium hydroxide.;

The principal fiber composing the cell wall of vegetable tissues (wood, cotton, flax, grass, etc.).;

Technical uses depend on the strength and flexibility of its fibers.;

Cellulose Ether is the most abundant biopolymer on earth.;

Cellulose Ether occurs in plant cell walls and in bacteria.;

Common materials containing high amounts of Cellulose Ether are wood, paper, and cotton.;

Cellulose Ether is a water-insoluble polysaccharide that humans can not digest.;

Cellulose Ether is a linear polysaccharide polymer with many glucose monosaccharide units.;

The acetal linkage is beta which makes it different from starch.;

This peculiar difference in acetal linkages results in a major difference in digestibility in humans.;

Humans are unable to digest Cellulose Ether because the appropriate enzymes to breakdown the beta acetal linkages are lacking.;

Indigestible Cellulose Ether is the fiber which aids in the smooth working of the intestinal tract.

Cellulose Ether is a molecule comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and is found in the cellular structure of virtually all plant matter.

Cellulose Ether, which is considered the most abundant on earth, is even excreted by some bacteria.

Cellulose Ether provides structure and strength to the cell walls of plants and provides fiber in our diets.;

Although some animals, such as ruminants, can digest Cellulose Ether, humans cannot.;

Cellulose Ether falls into the category of indigestible carbohydrates known as dietary fiber.

Cellulose Ether probably is the most abundant organic compound in the world which mostly produced by plants.;

Cellulose Ether is the most structural component in herbal cells and tissues.;

Cellulose Ether is a natural long chain polymer that plays an important role in human food cycle indirectly.;

Cellulose Ether has versatile uses in many industries such as veterinary foods, wood and paper, fibers and clothes, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries as excipient.;

Cellulose Ether has very semi-synthetic derivatives which is extensively used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.;

Substance identity

EC / List no.: 618-385-4

CAS no.: 9004-58-4

Hazard classification & labelling of Cellulose Ether

According to the majority of notifications provided by companies to ECHA in CLP notifications no hazards have been classified.

Cellulose Ether indicated, in 2009, as being intended to be registered by at least one company in the EEA.

Cellulose Ether for which classification and labeling data have been submitted to ECHA in a registration under REACH or notified by manufacturers or importers under CLP.;

Such notifications are required for hazardous substances, as such or in mixtures, as well as for all substances subject to registration, regardless of their hazard.

 

Synonyms:

Cellulose ethyl hydroxyethyl ether

Cellulose, ethyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether

Ethyl-2-hydroxyethylcellulose

ethylhydroxyethylcellulose

CELLULOSE, ETHYL 2-HYDROXYETHYL ETHER

Cellulose, ethyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether

ETHYL HYDROXYETHYL CELLULOSE

Hydroxyethyl Ethylcellulose

1449582-85-7

37226-58-7

9004-58-4

94700-06-8

94700-07-9

DEAE-CELLULOSE

9004-34-6

(6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(3S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol

Diethylaminoethyl cellulose

Cellulose, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ether

Cellulosepulver

DEAE-Sephacel(R)

Diethylaminoethyl-Sephacel(R)

CHEBI:156274