Cellulose gum, also known as Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), is not a sugar. Rather, it is a water-soluble polymer that is derived from cellulose, which is the most abundant organic polymer on earth. Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate that is found in the cell walls of plants, and is made up of repeating units of glucose.
While cellulose is a carbohydrate, it is not considered a sugar. Sugars, also known as carbohydrates or saccharides, are a class of molecules that are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in specific ratios. Sugars are commonly found in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods, and are an important source of energy for the human body.
Cellulose, on the other hand, is a type of carbohydrate that is indigestible by humans. While it is an important component of the human diet as a source of dietary fiber, it cannot be broken down by the enzymes in the human digestive system. Instead, it passes through the digestive tract largely unchanged, providing bulk and aiding in the digestion of other foods.
Cellulose gum is derived from cellulose through a process of chemical modification. The cellulose is treated with an alkali to create a sodium salt, which is then reacted with chloroacetic acid to create the carboxymethyl cellulose. The resulting product is a water-soluble polymer that can be used as a thickener, stabilizer, and emulsifier in a wide range of food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products.
While cellulose gum is not a sugar, it is often used as a replacement for sugars in certain food products. For example, in low-calorie or sugar-free beverages, cellulose gum can help to provide texture and mouthfeel without adding significant amounts of sugar or calories. In this way, cellulose gum can help to reduce the overall sugar content of certain foods, making them more suitable for individuals who are watching their sugar intake or managing conditions such as diabetes.